Kuwerengera ndi Kuyang'anira Chipinda Chonyamula Mabasi Aakulu a Heavy Bus Air Brake Chamber Thrust

Kumvetsetsa njira yeniyeni yowerengera mabuleki a mpweya wa basi lalikulu ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito a makina oletsa mabuleki agalimoto amalonda. Buku lotsogolera ili limapereka chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane cha momwe mungawerengere mphamvu yotulutsa ndikusankha kukula koyenera kwa zosowa zokonzanso ndikusintha pambuyo pake.

Tanthauzo la Air Brake Chamber Thrust

Kuthamanga kwa chipinda cha mabuleki ndi mphamvu yamakina yomwe imapangidwa ndi mpweya wopanikizika womwe umagwira ntchito pa diaphragm yosinthasintha mkati mwa chipinda cha chipinda cha mabuleki. Mu dongosolo lokhazikika la mabuleki la S-cam, mphamvu iyi yolunjika imatumizidwa kudzera mu kashrod kupita kuchosinthira slack, zomwe pambuyo pake zimasintha kayendedwe kameneka kukhala mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito nsapato za brake motsutsana ndi ng'oma. Kukula kwa mphamvu imeneyi kumatsimikizira mphamvu yoyimitsa yomwe ilipo pa basi lolemera.

Fomula ya Masamu Yowerengera Kuthamanga

Kuwerengera kofunikira kwa mphamvu yotulutsa mpweya m'chipinda cha mabuleki kumatsatira lamulo la thupi la kuthamanga kochulukitsidwa ndi dera (F=P×A).chipinda chosungira mabuleki, malo ogwira ntchito amatsimikiziridwa ndi kukula kwa diaphragm, komwe kumagawidwa m'magulu ndi manambala a "Mtundu" omwe akuyimira dera mu mainchesi sikweya.

Fomula:

Kuthamanga (lbs) = Mpweya Wothamanga (psi) × Malo Ogwira Ntchito a Diaphragm (sq. in.)

Mwachitsanzo, chipinda cha Type 30 chomwe chimagwira ntchito pamlingo wokhazikika wa 100 psi chimapanga 3,000 lbs of thrust (30 sq. in. × 100 psi). Malinga ndiMgwirizano wa Chitetezo cha Magalimoto Amalonda (CVSA), kusunga kugwedezeka koyenera kwa pushrod ndi kupanikizika ndikofunikira, chifukwa kupotoka kulikonse kungayambitse kuphwanya malamulo "osagwira ntchito" panthawi yowunikira.

Tchati cha Kukula kwa Chipinda cha Heavy Bus Air Brake

Kusankha kukula koyenera kumafuna kufananiza malo ogwira ntchito a chipindacho ndi zomwe wopanga zida za galimotoyo adalemba (OEM) kuti asunge mabuleki oyenera. Mabasi ambiri olemera amagwiritsa ntchito zipinda za Mtundu 24, Mtundu 30, kapena Mtundu 36 kutengera kulemera kwa axle.

Zinthu Zomwe Zimakhudza Kutulutsa kwa Mphamvu Padziko Lonse

Kutayika kwa mphamvu ya makina ndi kukana kwa masika kuyenera kuwerengedwa powerengera mphamvu yonse yoperekedwa kuchoyezera mabulekikapena zigawo za S-cam. Ngakhale kuti njira yophunzitsira imapereka maziko, ma springi obwerera mkati nthawi zambiri amadya pafupifupi mapaundi 50 mpaka 100 a mphamvu yoyambira. Kuphatikiza apo, pamene kugwedezeka kwa pushrod kukuwonjezeka, ngodya yogwira ntchito ya slack adjuster imasintha, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu ya torque yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa camshaft ya brake.

Kuyerekeza Zipinda za Diaphragm Zimodzi ndi Ziwiri

Zipinda zogwirira ntchito (diaphragm imodzi) zimapereka mphamvu yogwirira ntchito pokhapokha ngati pali pedal yogwira ntchito, pomwe zipinda zogwirira ntchito (diaphragm iwiri) zimakhala ndi kasupe wamphamvu wadzidzidzi/woyimitsa magalimoto. Mu kakonzedwe ka diaphragm iwiri, "Power Spring" imapereka chitetezo chamakina; ngati kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumatsika pansi pa 60 psi, kasupeyo amakula kuti agwiritse ntchito mabuleki okha. Kuti asinthidwe, kuonetsetsa kuti mabuleki agwiritsidwa ntchito.valavu ya solenoidKusamalira bwino utsi wa mpweya m'zipinda izi ndikofunikira kwambiri pakutulutsa mabuleki oimika magalimoto.

Kumvetsetsa Malire a Stroke ndi Madera Otetezeka

Kukula kwa chipinda chilichonse cha mabuleki kumakhala ndi "kugunda koyesedwa" ndi "malire okonzanso" omwe sayenera kupitirira kuti zitsimikizire kuti akukankhira kwambiri. Ngati pushrod ikuyenda patali kwambiri (yomwe imadziwika kuti "bottoming out"), diaphragm ikhoza kutaya mphamvu yake yogwira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya mabuleki ichepe kwambiri. Zambiri zamakampani kuchokera kuMachitidwe a Magalimoto Amalonda a Bendixzikusonyeza kuti pafupifupi 25% ya kulephera kuyang'ana pamsewu kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kosayenerera kwa mabuleki kapena kupitirira nthawi yayitali.

Buku Lotsogolera Kusankha Mabuleki a Basi

Mukagula zida kuchokera kudongosolo la mabuleki a galimotoWopereka chithandizo, nthawi zonse onetsetsani kutalika kwa bolt yomangirira ndi kutalika kwa pushrod kuwonjezera pa Mtundu wa chipinda. Mabasi olemera nthawi zambiri amafuna mitundu ya "Long Stroke" ya chipinda cha Mtundu 30 kuti apereke chitetezo chokwanira motsutsana ndi kutha kwa mabuleki. Kugwiritsa ntchito chipinda chokhazikika cha stroke komwe kumafunika stroke yayitali kungayambitse kutayika kwa mabuleki msanga panthawi yotsika mapiri kapena kutentha kwambiri.

Zotsatira za Kupanikizika kwa Mpweya pa Kutalika kwa Mabuleki

Kuwirikiza kawiri kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumawirikiza kawiri mphamvu ya kukankha, koma makinawo ayenera kuyesedwa kuti athe kuthana ndi katundu wotere popanda kulephera kwa gawo. Makina ambiri a mpweya olemera amagwira ntchito pakati pa 100 ndi 125 psi; komabe, panthawi ya braking yadzidzidzi,breki yophimbaKupanikizika kumafanana mwachindunji ndi mphamvu ya chipinda yomwe imapangidwa panthawiyo. Miyezo Yachitetezo cha Magalimoto a Federal (FMVSS 121) tchulani mtunda wocheperako woyima womwe miyeso iyi iyenera kufikira pa zolemera zosiyanasiyana za galimoto.

Njira Zokonzera Kuti Mugwire Bwino Kwambiri

Kuyang'ana nthawi zonse mizere ya ndege ndisilinda yayikulu ya clutch(mu ma transmission amanja) amatsimikizira kuti makina onse opopera mpweya amasunga umphumphu wofunikira kuti apereke mphamvu zonse. Akatswiri ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowerengera kuti atsimikizire kuti mbali zonse ziwiri za axle zimalandira mphamvu yofanana, chifukwa kusalingana kwa mphamvu ngakhale 10% kungayambitse basi kukoka mbali imodzi ikachita mabuleki ambiri, zomwe zingaike pangozi chitetezo cha okwera.

Chidule cha Ukadaulo cha Zofunikira pa Kukula

Mwachidule, kukula kwa chipinda cha mabuleki olemera a mpweya kumafuna kuzindikira Mtundu (Malo), kutsimikizira Stroke (Standard vs. Long), ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zida zoyikira zikugwirizana ndi bulaketi ya axle. Kuwerengera koyenera kumatsimikizira kuti ubwino wamakina woperekedwa ndi chosinthira cha slack umakulitsidwa, ndikusunga galimotoyo mkati mwa malire ovomerezeka ndi malamulo.

FAQ

Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji kukula kwa chipinda changa cha mabuleki a basi ngati chizindikirocho chilibe?

Mukhoza kuzindikira kukula kwake poyesa m'mimba mwake wakunja kwa chipindacho pa bandeti yapakati. Mwachitsanzo, chipinda cha Mtundu 30 nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi m'mimba mwake wakunja wa mainchesi pafupifupi 8. Ponena za tchati chovomerezeka cha kukula kuchokera kuBungwe la Ukadaulo ndi Kukonza (TMC)zingathandize kutsimikizira miyeso iyi.

Kodi ndingasinthe chipinda cha Mtundu 24 ndi cha Mtundu 30 kuti ndipeze mphamvu zambiri?

Kuonjezera kukula kwa chipinda popanda chilolezo cha uinjiniya ndi koopsa chifukwa kumapangitsa kuti mabuleki asayende bwino. Chipinda chachikulu pa ekseli imodzi chidzapangitsa kuti mawilowo atseke msanga kuposa ena, zomwe zingayambitse kutsetsereka kapena kugwedezeka. Nthawi zonse tsatirani Mtundu wa OEM wa mtundu wanu wa basi.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa "malo ogwira ntchito" ndi "malo odziwika" ndi kotani?

Malo odziwika ndi gulu lozungulira (monga Mtundu 30), pomwe malo ogwira ntchito ndi mainchesi enieni omwe mpweya umagwira ntchito panthawi ya sitiroko. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri amaonedwa kuti ndi ofanana powerengera, kuwonongeka kwa diaphragm kungachepetse pang'ono malo ogwira ntchito pazaka zingapo zogwira ntchito m'malo ovuta.

Kodi kutentha kumakhudza bwanji kuponderezedwa kwa chipinda cha mabuleki a mpweya?

Kuzizira kwambiri kumatha kulimbitsa diaphragm ya rabara, ndikuwonjezera pang'ono kupanikizika komwe kumafunika kuti tigonjetse kukana koyamba. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kutentha kwakukulu kuchokera ku ng'oma kungayambitse "kutha kwa mabuleki," komwe zigawo za makina zimakula, zomwe zimafuna kukwatulidwa kwa nthawi yayitali kuti zikwaniritse kugwedezeka komweko. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zipinda zazitali zimakondedwa pamabasi olemera.

N’chifukwa chiyani ngodya ya pushrod ndi yofunika kwambiri powerengera mphamvu?

Kuwerengera mphamvu yoyendetsera galimoto kumakuuzani mphamvu yolunjika, koma "mphamvu yogwira ntchito" imadalira kuti chogwiriracho chili pa ngodya ya madigiri 90 kupita ku chosinthira mphamvu yoyendetsera galimoto pamalo pomwe brake imagwirira ntchito. Ngati ngodyayo ili yochepera kapena yochepera madigiri 90, gawo lina la mphamvu yoyendetsera galimoto limatayika, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yoyendetsera galimoto.